D11 — Protective and Management Factors
AI Literacy
Description
The person understands AI limitations, model behavior, hallucinations, sycophancy, and lack of sentience.
Rationale
AI literacy — accurate knowledge of how AI systems work, their limitations, and their lack of sentience — is protective because it undermines the belief systems that support anthropomorphism, false authority, and dependency. AI literacy interventions are increasingly relevant as a primary prevention and early intervention tool, particularly for at-risk populations.
Evidence Base
Artificial Intelligence and Adolescent Well-being
American Psychological Association, 2025. Artificial Intelligence and Adolescent Well-being. APA Health Advisory.
Government / agency reportIncreasing Threats of Deepfake Identities
Tina Brooks et al., 2024. Increasing Threats of Deepfake Identities. Government / agency report.
Government / agency reportMachine Bullshit: Characterizing the Emergent Disregard for Truth in Large Language Models
Kaiqu Liang, Haimin Hu, Xuandong Zhao, Dawn Song, Thomas L. Griffiths, Jaime Fernández Fisac, 2024. Machine Bullshit: Characterizing the Emergent Disregard for Truth in Large Language Models. Preprint, arXiv:2507.07484v1.
Preprint